Minna no Nihongo Lesson 34 will introduce you to 52 new words and 4 new grammar structures of Japanese
Vocabulary and grammar of Minna no Nihongo lesson 34
- Part 1: Vocabulary
- Part 2: Grammar
Part 1: Vocabulary
Listed below are 52 new words that appear in lesson 34. Let’s review these words before learning grammar.
| NO | WORD | KANJI | MEANING |
| 1 | みがきます[はを～] | 磨きます[歯を～] | brush (one’s teeth), polish |
| 2 | くみたてます | 組み立てます | assemble |
| 3 | おります | 折ります | bend, fold, break, snap |
| 4 | きがつきます[わすれものに～] | 気がつきます[忘れ物に～] | notice, become aware of (things left behind) |
| 5 | つけます[しょうゆを～] | put (in soy sauce) | |
| 6 | みつかります[かぎが～] | 見つかります | (a key) be found |
| 7 | します[ネクタイを～] | put on, wear (a tie) | |
| 8 | しつもんします | 質問します | ask a question |
| 9 | ほそい | 細い | thin (of small diameter) |
| 10 | ふとい | 太い | thick (of large diameter) |
| 11 | ぼんおどり | 盆踊り | Bon Festival dance |
| 12 | スポーツクラブ | sports club | |
| 13 | かぐ | 家具 | furniture |
| 14 | キー | key | |
| 15 | シートベルト | seat belt | |
| 16 | せつめいしょ | 説明書 | explanatory pamphlet, instruction book |
| 17 | ず | 図 | figure, drawing |
| 18 | せん | 線 | line |
| 19 | やじるし | 矢印 | arrow (sign) |
| 20 | くろ | 黒 | black (noun) |
| 21 | しろ | 白 | white (noun) |
| 22 | あか | 赤 | red (noun) |
| 23 | あお | 青 | blue (noun) |
| 24 | こん | 紺 | navy blue, dark blue (noun) |
| 25 | きいろ | 黄色 | yellow (noun) |
| 26 | ちゃいろ | 茶色 | brown (noun) |
| 27 | しょうゆ | soy sauce | |
| 28 | ソース | sauce | |
| 29 | ～か～ | ~ or ~ | |
| 30 | ゆうべ | last night | |
| 31 | さっき | a short while ago | |
| 32 | さどう | 茶道 | tea ceremony |
| 33 | おちゃをたてます | お茶をたてます | make green tea |
| 34 | さきに | 先に | first (when doing something before something else) |
| 35 | のせます | 載せます | place on, load onto |
| 36 | これでいいですか | Is this all right? | |
| 37 | にがい | 苦い | bitter |
| 38 | おやこどんぶり | 親子どんぶり | a bowl of cooked rice with chicken and egg |
| 39 | ざいりょう | 材料 | material, ingredient |
| 40 | ～ぶん | ～分 | portion for ~ (used for indicating quantity) |
| 41 | とりにく | 鳥肉 | chicken |
| 42 | ～グラム | ~ gram | |
| 43 | ～こ | ～個 | (counter for small objects) |
| 44 | たまねぎ | onion | |
| 45 | よんぶんのいち | ４分の１ | one fourth |
| 46 | ちょうみりょう | 調味料 | seasoning, flavoring |
| 47 | なべ | pan, pot | |
| 48 | ひ | 火 | fire, heating |
| 49 | ひにかけます | 火にかけます | put on the stove |
| 50 | にます | 煮ます | cook, boil |
| 51 | にえます | 煮えます | be cooked, be boiled |
| 52 | どんぶり | porcelain bowl, bowl of rice with food on top |
Part 2: Grammar
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V1 dictionary form / V1た-form / Nの +とおりに、V2
1) V1とおりに、V2
This means to copy exactly in words or actions (V2) what one has heard, seen, read or learnt, etc. (V1).
わたしがやるとおりに、やってください。
Please do as I do.
わたしが言うとおりに、書いてください。
Please write down what I say as it is.
見たとおりに、話してください。
Please tell us what you saw as it was.
The dictionary form is used when the action denoted by V1 is going to be done from now, and the た-form is used when the action denoted by V1 has already been done.
2) Nのとおりに、 V
This means that an action (V) is done in accordance with the manner shown by the preceding phrase.
線のとおりに、紙を切ってください。
Please cut the paper following the line.
説明書のとおりに、組み立てました。
I assembled it according to the handbook.
-
V1た-form / Nの + あとで、V2
This sentence pattern means the action or occurrence denoted by V2 takes place after the action or occurrence denoted by V1 or N has taken place.
新しいのを買ったあとで、なくした時計が見つかりました。
After I bought a new watch, I found the one I’d lost.
仕事のあとで、飲みに行きませんか。
Shall we go and have a drink after work?
Compared with Vて-formから, which has a similar meaning, Vた-form あとでemphasizes the time context in which the respective events happen.
-
V1て-form / V1ない-formないで + V2
V1 is an action or condition which accompanies the action denoted by V2.
しょうゆをつけて食べます。
We eat it with soy sauce.
しょうゆをつけないで食べます。
We eat it without soy sauce.
-
V1ない-form ないで + V2
This pattern is used when the speaker indicates a course of action taken out of two alternative possibilities presented.
日曜日はどこも行かないで、うちでゆっくり休みます。
Next Sunday I won’t go anywhere. I will rest at home instead.
The above is all knowledge about Vocabulary and Grammar of Minna no Nihongo lesson 34. To see other lessons, please click here.
