This post will introduce over 200 JLPT N1 Grammar structures you need to learn, the grammar structures are coming with detail guideline and some example sentences.
Click on each grammar to find out how to use them and some example sentences.
| と見られる (to mirareru): To be regarded as; to be expected to; to be believed to | ところから (tokoro kara): Because; from the fact that |
| ところがある (tokoro ga aru): To have; there is | ときている (to kite iru): Because |
| ときたら (tokitara): When it comes to…; concerning… | といわず (to iwazu): Not just; both |
| というわけではない (to iu wake dewa nai): It’s not that; it doesn’t mean that | というわけだ (to iu wake da): This means; this is why; it is the case that |
| というもの (to iu mono) – 2: During/for/since/over a period of time | というところだ (to iu tokoro da): Approximately; about |
| にかかっている (ni kakatte iru): To depend on | であれ～であれ (de are~de are): Whether a or b |
| というか～というか (to iu ka~to iu ka): (i’m not sure if it’s) a or b | というか (to iu ka): Or; or more precisely; or perhaps i should say |
| という (to iu) – 2: All; every | といったらない (to ittara nai): Very; extremely; nothing more … than this |
| といい～といい (to ii~to ii): And; or | といえども (to ie domo): Even |
| とばかりに (to bakari ni): As if; as though | とあって (to atte): Because of |
| とあれば (to areba): If; if it is the case that | に言わせれば (ni iwasereba): If you ask…; if one may say… |
| と相まって (to aimatte): Together with; along with | だの～だの (dano~dano): And; and the like; and so forth |
| てやまない (te yamanai): Always; never stop; can’t help but | ってば (tteba): I said; i told you to |
| てしかるべきだ (te shikaru beki da): Should | ても差し支えない (temo sashitsukaenai): Can…; it’s okay if… |
| てもはじまらない (temo hajimaranai): It’s no use… | てもどうにもならない (temo dou nimo naranai): It’s no use… |
| てみせる (te miseru): I’ll definitely | てまで (te made): Even |
| に至っては (ni itatte wa): When it comes to; as for | てかなわない (te kanawanai): Can’t stand; unable to |
| てからというもの (te kara to iu mono): After; since | だに (dani): Even |
| てっきり (tekkiri): Surely; certainly; without a doubt | た瞬間に (ta shunkan ni): The moment (something happens) |
| たりとも (tari tomo): (not) even; (not) any | ためしがない (tameshi ga nai): Is never the case; has never happened |
| た拍子に (ta hyoushi ni): The moment; the instance | ただ～のみだ (tada~nomi da): Can do nothing but; there’s only |
| そうにもない (sou nimo nai): Impossible; unlikely | に至るまで (ni itaru made): Until |
| それなりに (sore nari ni): In itself; as it is; in its own way; as suits the occasion | さも (samo): Truly; really; as if |
| そばから (soba kara): As soon as | ぶる (buru): Assuming the air of…; behaving like… |
| 始末だ (shimatsu da): End up; in the end | さぞ (sazo): I believe/i’m certain something must be truly/really/very |
| をおいて (o oite): Other than | をもって (omotte) – 2: At the time |
| ぶり (buri): Style; manner | さもないと (samonaito): Otherwise; else; if not so |
| およそ (oyoso): Totally; utterly; (not) at all; roughly; about | 折に (ori ni): When; at the time; on the occasion |
| 思いをする (omoi o suru): To feel | にひきかえ (ni hikikae): In contrast to |
| をよそに (o yoso ni): Despite; without regards to | を余儀なくされる (o yoginaku sareru): To be forced to do something because one has no other choice |
| をもって (o motte) – 1: By means of; with | をものともせず (o monotomo sezu): In defiance of |
| を禁じ得ない (o kinjienai): Can’t help but; can’t refrain from | を機に (o ki ni): As an opportunity to |
| を皮切りに (o kawakiri ni): Starting with | にあって (ni atte): In; on; at; during; in the condition of |
| を兼ねて (o kanete): Also for the purpose of | を限りに (o kagiri ni): Starting from…; to the full extent of |
| をいいことに (o ii koto ni): To take advantage of | を経て (o hete): Through; after; via |
| を踏まえて (o fumaete): Based on | びる (biru): Seeming to be; behaving as |
| のなんのって (no nan no tte): Extremely | のみか (nomika): Not only… but also |
| の極み (no kiwami): The utmost | の至り (no itari): Utmost; extremely |
| にあたらない (ni ataranai): It’s not worth; there’s no need to | んがため (n ga tame): In order to |
| んばかりに (n bakari ni): As if; as though | によらず (ni yorazu): Regardless of |
| には及ばない (ni wa oyobanai): There’s no need to; does not match | にとどまらず (ni todomarazu): Not limited to; not only… but also |
| に照らして (ni terashite): In comparison with, according to, in light of, in view of | べくもない (beku mo nai): Can’t; cannot possibly be |
| に足りない (ni tarinai): To be not worth | なるべく (narubeku): As much as possible |
| なりとも (naritomo): Even a little; at least | なりに/なりの (nari ni/nari no): In one’s own way or style |
| なり～なり (nari~nari): Or | なり (nari): As soon as |
| ならいざしらず (nara iza shirazu): I don’t know about a, but b; a is acceptable, but b | ならでは (nara dewa): Uniquely applying to; special to |
| なしに (nashi ni): Without | 何しろ (nani shiro): At any rate; anyway; in any case; because; as you know |
| なくして (nakushite): Without | に足る/に足りる (ni taru/ni tariru): To be enough; to be worthy of |
| ばそれまでだ (ba sore made da): If… then it’s over | ないとも限らない (nai tomo kagiranai): Might |
| ないものでもない (nai mono demo nai): Is not entirely impossible | ないものか (nai mono ka): Can’t we…?; can’t i…? |
| ないまでも (nai made mo): Even if something isn’t done | ないではすまない (nai dewa sumanai): Must; will definitely |
| ないではおかない/ずにはおかない: Will definitely/certainly do something; cannot not | ながらに/ながらの (nagara ni/nagara no): Without change; while; during |
| もしくは (moshikuwa): Or; otherwise | もさることながら (mo saru koto nagara): Not only… but also… |
| ものとして (mono to shite): To assume; to suppose | ばこそ (bakoso): Only because |
| にたえる/にたえない (ni taeru/ni taenai): Can/can’t do something | に値する (ni atai suru): To be worth; to deserve |
| ものと思われる (mono to omowareru): To think; to suppose | ものを (mono o): I wish; if only; although; even though |
| もので (mono de): Because; for that reason | もしないで (mo shinaide): Without even doing |
| を顧みず (o kaerimizu): Despite; regardless of | もはや (mohaya): Already; no longer; not any more |
| めく (meku): To show signs of; to have the appearance of | まるっきり (marukkiri): Totally; completely |
| に即して (ni sokushite): To agree with; in keeping with; to be based on | まみれ (mamire): Covered in |
| ままに (mama ni): As, to do as | 場合によっては (baai ni yotte wa): In some cases |
| まじき (majiki): Should not; must not | までもない (made mo nai): It’s not necessary to |
| までだ (made da): Only | くらいのものだ (kurai no mono da): Only |
| くらいなら (kurai nara): Rather than… | こととて (kototote): Because; since |
| ことのないよう (koto no nai you): So as not to | にして (ni shite): Only; even; in (time span); at (time, place) |
| ことなしに (koto nashi ni): Without doing something | ことごとく (koto gotoku): Altogether; entirely |
| ことだし (koto dashi): Since; because | あっての (atte no): Which owes everything to; which can exist solely due to the presence of |
| 極めて (kiwamete): Extremely; exceedingly | 極まる/極まりない (kiwamaru/kiwamarinai): Extremely |
| きりがない (kiri ga nai): There’s no end to | きっての (kitte no): The most … of all |
| 嫌いがある (kirai ga aru): To have a tendency to | かつて (katsute): Once; before; never before |
| にしたって (ni shitatte): Even; even if | かたわら (katawara): While (doing); in addition to; at the same time |
| かたがた (katagata): While; at the same time; for the purpose of | かれ～かれ (kare~kare): Or |
| からある (kara aru): As much as; as many as | あらかじめ (arakajime): Beforehand; in advance; previously |
| 可能性がある (kanousei ga aru): There’s a possibility that | か否か (ka ina ka): Whether or not |
| かいもなく (kai mo naku): Even though | 限りだ (kagiri da): I feel so… |
| じみた (jimita): To look like | に先駆けて (ni saki gakete): To be the first |
| いずれにせよ (izure nise yo): At any rate; anyway; in any case | いまだに (ima da ni): Still; even now; until this very day |
| いかにも (ikanimo): Indeed; really | いかに (ikani): How; how much |
| いかんによらず/いかんにかかわらず: Regardless of | 案の定 (an no jou): Just as one thought; sure enough |
| いかんでは (ikan dewa): Depending on | いかなる (ikanaru): Any kind of |
| ほうがましだ (hou ga mashi da): Would rather | ほかに～ない (hoka ni~nai): No other; nothing else |
| に則って (ni nottotte): In accordance with | ほどのことはない (hodo no koto wa nai): Not worth; no need to |
| ひとつ (hitotsu): To give something a try | 羽目になる (hame ni naru): To end up with (something unpleasant) |
| ぐるみ (gurumi): (together) with | ごとき/ごとく (gotoki/gotoku): Like; as if; the same as |
| が最後 (ga saigo): Once something occurs, something else happens | あくまでも (akumade mo): To the end; persistently; absolutely; to the utmost degree |
| が早いか (ga hayai ka): As soon as | がてら (gatera): On the same occasion; at the same time; coincidentally |
| ふと (futo): Suddenly; accidentally; unexpectedly; unintentionally | にもまして (ni momashite): More than…; above… |
| どうにも～ない (dou nimo~nai): Not … by any means; no matter how hard one tries, cannot… | ではすまない (dewa sumanai): It doesn’t end with just… |
| ではあるまいし (dewa aru mai shi): It’s not like; it isn’t as if | ではあるまいか (dewa aru mai ka): I wonder if it’s not… |
| ずとも (zu tomo): Even without doing | すら/ですら (sura/de sura): Even |
| ずくめ (zukume): Entirely; completely | ずじまい (zu jimai): Never; did not (have the chance to) |
| ざる (zaru): Not; un- | ゆえに (yue ni): Because, due to, therefore |
| にもほどがある (nimo hodo ga aru): To have a limit; to go too far | ようによっては (you ni yotte wa): Depending on |
| (よ)うにも～ない (you nimo~nai): Even if one tries to do something, it can’t be done | (よ)うものなら (you mono nara): If one chooses to; if one happens to |
| (よ)うか～まいか (you ka~mai ka): Whether or not | (よ)うが～まいが (you ga~mai ga): Whether or not |
| (よ)うが/(よ)うと (you ga/you to): Even if; no matter how/what | でなくてなんだろう (denakute nan darou): Must be; is definitely |
| やしない (yashinai): Not (emphatic negative) | や否や (ya ina ya): The moment that; no sooner than; as soon as |
| はさておき (wa sateoki): Setting aside | べく (beku): In order to; for the purpose of |
| はおろか (wa oro ka): Let alone; not to mention; needless to say | つ～つ (tsu~tsu): Indicates two contrasting actions |
| とはいうものの (towa iu mono no): Having said that; be that as it may | とはいえ (towaie): Nonetheless; though; although; be that as it may |
| とは (towa): Indicates word or phrase being defined | とても～ない (totemo~nai): Cannot possibly; there is no way |
| とて (tote): Even | でも何でもない (demo nan demo nai): Not in the least |
| あえて (aete): Dare to; daringly; deliberately | として～ない (toshite~nai): Not even one |
| にまつわる (ni matsuwaru): To be related to | としたって (to shitatte): Even if. |
| とっさに (tossa ni): At once; right away; promptly; on the spur of the moment | とされる (to sareru): Is considered… |
| とりわけ (toriwake): Especially | と思いきや (to omoikiya): I thought…; or so we thought |
| ともすれば (tomo sureba): Apt to; prone to | となると/となれば (to naru to/to nareba): When; once (something happens) |
| ともなく (tomonaku): To do something without thinking about it | とみるや (to miru ya): At the sight of; upon seeing |
| であれ/であろうと (de aru/de arou to): Whoever/whatever/however; even | にかたくない (ni katakunai): It’s not hard to |
| べからず (bekarazu): Must not; should not; do not | |
We hope these grammar structures can give you good preparation for the JLPT N1 test. If you like the post, don’t forget to share it and bookmark this blog because we will come back with a lot of Japanese Grammar and Vocabulary.
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